Importance of Samsarjana Krama: Review Article

Introduction

The term Panchakarma represents five therapeutic procedures of Samshodhana (internal purification of the body) by evacuation of accumulated morbid Dosha from the body by through the nearest possible route. As per Ayurveda, health is defined as equilibrium of Dosha, Dhatu, Jatharagni and proper defecation of Mala [1].

In Ayurveda Panchakarma promotes the desired pharmaco-therapeutic effects of medications delivered later while also allowing the biological system to regenerate and return to nature. Poorva Karma, Pradhana Karma, and Pashchata Karma are three categories for Samshodhana Karma. Deepana, Pachana, Snehana, and Swedana are part of the Poorva Karma; Vamana, Virechana, Niruha Basti, Anuvasana Basti, Nasya, and Raktamokshna are part of the Pradhana Karma; and Peyadi Samsarjana Karma, Rasayanadi Karma, and Shamana Prayoga are part of the Paschata Karma In the case of Samshodhana Karma and in a state of health, Jatharagni plays a significant role. The Jatharagni is the reason for Oja and life and if vitiated leads to occurrence of diseases. After Panchkarma, particularly Vamana and Virechana, Jatharagni becomes disturbed and weaker, and the patient is likely to experience these side effects as well. It is not advised to immediately follow Samshodhana in this condition of decreased Jatharagni since a regular, normal diet is difficult to digest. Following the administration of Vamana Karma or Virechana Karma in this condition, a special diet plan known as Samsarjana Krama—which refers to the correct sequence of Peya- Vilepi- Kritakrita Yusha- Kritakrita Mamsarasa—is followed.

In Samsarjana Krama, diet is introduced step by step from Laghu-Aahara to Guru-Aahara in order to strengthen the digestive power. Acharya Charaka makes a wonderful comparison between external fire and internal fire, also known as Agni. Just as small (external) fire gradually grows larger and more stable with the help of grass, cow dung, etc. So, in the case of Agni after Vamana Karma and Virechana

Karma, Peyadi Karma causes the Agni to digest all kinds of food [2].

Aims and Objectives

• Study of different types of Samsarjana Krama according to different views.
• Importance of different preparations used in Samsarjana Krama.

Material and Methods

• Classical texts and various commentaries of Ayurveda.
• Study material available on internet.

Classification of Sansarjana Krama

• Peyadi Sansarjana Krama
• Tarpanadi Sansarjana Krama
• Rasa Sansarjana Krama

Discussion

Samsarjana Krama is an important sequence to enhance the Agni in a systematized manner after Samshodhana Karma. It Should never be correlated with Karma. Because Krama is the numbered sequence that must be followed and Karma is any technique. Various food item used in Sansarjana Krama are:

Peya is easier to digest because it is more watery and less dense in carbohydrates. Vilepi (liquid rice) is a semi- solid food that should have a thicker consistency with rice particles in it (more carbohydrates). When Yusha (green gramme soup) is made in the Akrita form, no salt or ghrita is added, however when Yusha is made in the Krita form, salt and ghrita are added (simple proteins - plant proteins). The Akrita version of Mamsarasa (mutton soup) is prepared differently than the Krita version (complex proteins- animal proteins and fats). Rasa After Peyadi Samsarjana Krama, Samsarjana Krama was primarily used.

To nourish the Dhatu of the Samshodhita Purusha, Tarpanadi Krama is used for the patient’s Tarapana (person undergone Vamana and Virechana).

To give the stomach and intestine time to refill Jatharagni throughout the Samshodhana processes and to gradually enhance the acidic and alkaline secretions in the stomach and intestine, Samsarjana Krama is administered. A sudden increase in acidity or alkalinity can erode the organ muscles and harm the mucosa, resulting in gastritis and ulcers. Peya- Vilepi-Akrita Yusha-Krita Yusha-Akrita Mamsarasa-Krita Mamsarasa is the order that is followed. The first Annakala starts from evening of drug administration. At this stage Agni is the weakest, which means it is not capable of digesting normal food. At the same time strength of the body is also less. For this reason, the diet should be simple to digest and a quick source of energy. For the first three Annakala in Pravara Shuddhi, Peya—Laghu, Grahi, Dhatuposhaka at the same time as Deepana and Vatanulomana—is presented [7]. Jatharagni is in better health after receiving Peya, and his body strength is also preserved. More solid meals can now be administered.Vilepi, which is likewise easy to digest, as well as Dhatuvardhaka, Tarpaka, Kaphanashaka, Hridhya, Madhura, Pitta Shamaka, and Balakaraka are utilised for this. In Pravara Shudhi, this is administered for three Annakala.

According to the ingredients in Peya and Vilepi, it can be assumed that they are the body’s supply of carbohydrates. Next comes Yusha, which is comprised of Laghu, Balakaraka (increases strength), Ruchikara (tasty), and Kaphanashaka (Kapha Dosh exterminator). Akrita and Krita Yusha can reduce Tridosha and boost palatability as well as Deepana. First protein content is introduced is in the form of Akrita Yusha, then a little fat is added in the form of Krita Yusha.

Now that the Agni is activated, it can digest protein and fat in greater amounts. The next food item is Akrita Mamsarasa, which is high in both fat and protein. Whereas when salt and ghrita are added it becomes rich in protein as well as fat. Charaka clearly stated that Akrita Yusha is easily digestible than krita Yusha, and so is applicable for Akrita and Krita Mamsarasa [8]. It becomes clear that easy- to-digest Laghu Aahara (Light Diet) is offered initially, then Guru Aahara (Heavy diet). Samasarjana Krama in Madhyama Shudhi with 2 Annakala and Avara Shudhi with 1 Annakala both follow the same fundamental principle.

Conclusion

After Vamana and Virechana Krama, Samsarjana Krama boosts Agni and gives the body power. It is only done in these 2 cases, going through Laghu Aahara to Guru Aahara, in the order of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. To improve the digestive fire or capacity of the body, which was diminished during the Pradhana Karma, these patterns should be performed following Vamana and Virechana Karma.

Result

Several ancient Ayurvedic literature provide thorough explanations of the Samsarjana Krama idea. In process of Vamana Karma, Samana Vayu and Kledaka Kapha are disturbed, while in Virechana Karma, Samana Vayu, Pachaka Pitta, and Apana Vayu are disturbed. Due to the expulsion of Kapha, Pitta, and Mala, Vamana and Virechana Karma results in weakness, weight loss, Sandhibandhana free, a decrease in Jatharagni, and emptiness in the associated organs. The patient cannot accept any type of treatment or diet because of this [9]. A sudden, heavy, or spicy food should not be provided to the patient in this situation because their digestive system is already weakened. In order to regulate the Jatharagni, Samsarjana Krama is generally followed by following the sequence of Peyadi Krama after Vamana Krama and Virechana Krama. This is because the Jatharagni is increased by light food, which can be digested quickly [10].