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Medical Journal of Clinical Trials & Case Studies Research Article 1 min read

Induction of Neutralizing Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant by COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters

Cheepsattayakorn A* Cheepsattayakorn R and Siriwanarangsun P*
* Corresponding author
ISSN: 2578-4838  10.23880/mjccs-16000311  Received: February 21, 2022  Published: March 17, 2022
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Abstract

The Omicron variant (BA.1/B.1.1.529) is characterized by mutation of an unusually high number, with 26 to 32 changes (up to 36 mutations) in the spike (S) glycoprotein, the key epitopes (target) of neutralizing antibodies. A recent study revealed that the Omicron variant is more likely to cause reinfection than previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, indicating some immune-escape levels.

Editorial

The Omicron variant (BA.1/B.1.1.529) is characterized by mutation of an unusually high number, with 26 to 32 changes (up to 36 mutations) in the spike (S) glycoprotein, the key epitopes (target) of neutralizing antibodies [1, 2, 3]. A recent study revealed that the Omicron variant is more likely to cause reinfection than previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, indicating some immune-escape levels [4]. Recently, neutralization potency of sera mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccine recipients against wild-type, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses was studied and demonstrated potent neutralization of Omicron variant and 4-6-fold lower than the wild type among mRNA vaccinated individuals, indicating enhanced cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibody responses [2, 4]. Polyclonal sera from persons vaccinated with two doses of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine and from convalescent persons showed a near-complete lack of neutralizing activity against Omicron variant, as well as different monoclonal-antibodies resistance in clinical application [2, 3].

Conclusion

In conclusion, the significance of additional mRNA- vaccine doses, at least two doses to promote neutralizing antibody (humoral immune) responses against divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly the Omicron variant.

References

  1. Network for Genomic Surveillance in South Africa (NGS- SA). SARS-CoV-2 sequencing update. November 26, 2021.
  2. Garcia-Beltran WF, St. Denis KJ, Hoelzemer A, Lam EC, Nitido AD, et al. (2022) mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine boosters induce neutralizing immunity against SARS- CoV-2 Omicron variant. Cell 185(3): 457-466.
  3. Gruell H, Vanshylla K, Tober-Lau P, Hillus D, Schommers P, et al. (2022) mRNA booster immunization elicits potent neutralizing serum activity against the SARS- CoV-2 Omicron variant. Nature Medicine pp: 1-4.
  4. Riepler L, Bante D, von Laer D, Kimpel J (2022) SARS- CoV-2 Omicron variant neutralization in serum from vaccinated and convalescent persons. N Engl J Med 386: 698-700.
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@article{cheepsattayakorn2022,
  title   = {Induction of Neutralizing Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
Variant by COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters},
  author  = {Cheepsattayakorn A* Cheepsattayakorn R and Siriwanarangsun P},
  journal = {Medical Journal of Clinical Trials & Case Studies},
  year    = {2022},
  volume  = {6},
  number  = {2},
  doi     = {10.23880/mjccs-16000311}
}
Cheepsattayakorn A* Cheepsattayakorn R and Siriwanarangsun P (2022). Induction of Neutralizing Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
Variant by COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters. Medical Journal of Clinical Trials & Case Studies, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.23880/mjccs-16000311
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Induction of Neutralizing Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
Variant by COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters
AU  - Cheepsattayakorn A* Cheepsattayakorn R and Siriwanarangsun P
JO  - Medical Journal of Clinical Trials & Case Studies
PY  - 2022
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
DO  - 10.23880/mjccs-16000311
ER  -